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support JXL images (JPEG XL) in Telegram and on Telegraph pages
Сергѣй Юрьевичъ Соколовъ, Mar 17, 2022 at 11:18
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Earlier with JPEG 2000, and with JPEG XR, and with JPEG XT the Joint Photographic Experts Group attempted to replace their old JPEG format. These three new formats gained some popularity when they appeared. Now two of them even have some (albeit limited) support in web browsers (JPEG 2000 in Safari, JPEG XR in Edge). However, those three formats could not ultimately replace JPEG.

JPEG XL image format (*.jxl file format), ISO/IEC 18181 standard, is the newest and the best replacement for the original JPEG format. It can prevail where the others failed: JPEG XL has an impressive set of attractive features.

First and foremost, old JPEG files can be losslessly converted to JPEG XL and back to JPEG. Such transcoded files are smaller in JPEG XL format (about 10% smaller for previously optimized JPEG files, about 20% smaller in general). This feature alone is a good attempt to bury the old JPEG. This feature alone is enough to warrant JPEG XL compression for JPEG images in Telegram because such images would be delivered faster and stored cheaper. (See my earlier suggestion https://bugs.telegram.org/c/1023 about that.)

Additionally, when a JPEG XL image is not a result of one such lossless transcoding of an old JPEG, then the following options (never available in the old JPEG format) become readily available:

① Pixels can be partially or entirely transparent where necessary.

② Wide gamut, and deep colours, and HDR images are supported.

③ Lossless compression is available, and it usually yields better results (smaller files) than the other well-known lossless image formats. (There is an exception: lossless WebP files containing screenshots of ClearType texts are sometimes smaller than their JPEG XL counterparts.)

④ Lossy compression is twice as good as the old JPEG. The new JPEG XL's quality-to-filesize ratio tends to be eclipsed only by AVIF files of equal size and only when files are significantly compressed (so that the number of bits-per-pixel is less than 1 on average, especially if less than 0.5). The images of higher fidelity (and higher bpp) are better compressed in JPEG XL.

⑤ The average colour values for the blocks of the lossy compression (8×8 pixels or larger) are stored earlier in the file and thus these values are the first to arrive from the Net and can be used to build a less detailed (and slightly blurry, because of the averaging) preview of the image while the rest of the file is still being downloaded. Even if such lossy JPEG XL is not a “progressive JPEG XL” per se.

⑥ On the other hand, incomplete downloads of “progressive JPEG XL” files can be used as smaller copies of the original image — half-width, quarter-width, and so on. Such copies are more exact (without averaging), but such “progressive JPEG XL” files are larger than their non-progressive counterparts. Such progressive JPEG XL files are useful when, for example, a QHD image (1440p) is requested less often than its HD (720p) and qHD (360p) versions, but the latter ones are a pain to create and to maintain separately (but they're nevertheless necessary when targeting the users of smartphones and smartwatches). Or when, for example, a 8K image (4320p) is requested less often than its 4K (2160p) and FullHD (1080p) versions, but the latter ones are a pain to create and to maintain separately (but they're nevertheless necessary when targeting the users on the most common levels of screen fidelity).

⑦ Progressive JPEG XL images can be made to contain (and thus to deliver) the most interesting (“salient”) areas of the image earlier in the file (see https://opensource.googleblog.com/2021/09/using-saliency-in-progressive-jpeg-xl-images.html for details).

⬇️ continued in the first comment ⬇️

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jk Mar 19, 2022
More votes on your first card, if anyone wants to signal boost https://bugs.telegram.org/c/1023
Сергѣй Юрьевичъ Соколовъ Apr 6, 2022
Moritz
WebP and AVIF are better.
Nope.

WebP and AVIF aren't better than JPEG XL.

They cannot compress old JPEG files losslessly (and thus they don't offer lossless decompression back to JPEG).

WebP does not support deep colors (only TrueColor). Chroma subsampling 4:2:0 is mandatory in lossy WebP files.

AVIF does not offer good lossless compression at all. Lossless WebP files are smaller than lossless JPEG XL only when a screenshot of ClearType text is compressed (an example of such screenshot is attached below).

Lossy WebP files are worse (in terms of quality-to-filesize ratio) than either AVIF or JPEG XL. Lossy AVIF files can be better than lossy JPEG XL files when both are compressed below 1 bit per average pixel (especially below 0.5 bpp), worse otherwise.

WebP files cannot be displayed progressively (only top-to-bottom). AVIF files currently do not offer even top-to-bottom progression and thus they have to be entirely delivered before they are displayed. (Future AVIF encoders and decoders may offer several layers of progression.) Lossy JPEG XL files are always progressive.
Сергѣй Юрьевичъ Соколовъ Apr 6, 2022
Сергѣй Юрьевичъ Соколовъ Apr 6, 2022
Having said all that, WebP format still offers much better quality-to-filesize ratio than the old JPEG, and the latter is supported by Telegram almost anywhere, while WebP support in Telegram is unnecessarily limited to stickers. If you believe that Telegram should also support WebP albums, WebP single pictures, WebP avatars, thumbnailed uncompressed WebP files, WebP on Instant View pages, WebP previews under messages hyperlinked to external WebP files, WebP previews under messages hyperlinked to WebP-featuring web pages, WebP previews under messages hyperlinked to other messages that contain WebP files, WebP uploads on Telegraph pages, WebP embeds by external URLs on Telegraph pages, then I wholeheartedly agree. Please vote for my earlier suggestion https://bugs.telegram.org/c/1021

Likewise, AVIF files are better than old JPEG and also better than WebP. Below 0.5—1 bpp AVIF compression is better than JPEG XL. If you believe that Telegram should support AVIF everywhere, then I wholeheartedly agree. Please vote for my earlier suggestion https://bugs.telegram.org/c/3520
Сергѣй Юрьевичъ Соколовъ Sep 19, 2023
The first operating systems that support JPEG XL are officially released (iOS 17 and iPadOS 17).

The first web browser that supports JPEG XL is officially released (Safari 17).
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